BEHAVIOR QUESTION: 1982			L PETERSON/AP BIOLOGY
  	Define and explain the role of each of the following in social behavior:
  		a.  Territoriality
  		b.  Dominance hierarchies
  		c.  Courtship behavior

  
  STANDARDS:
    maximum = 6 points for each section
    note: must answer all 3 sections of question to go above 12 points
  
  TERRITORIALITY - 6 points maximum
  DEFINITION:
     subdivision of resources on a spatial basis 
      area established & defended (marking, singing, etc.) 
     area to raise young & seek food
     usually involves males of same species                 max 4)
  
  ROLE:
     influences population density 
     ritualistic behavior
     mating or nesting or feeding / elaboration             (max 3)
  EXAMPLE: (1 point)
     
  DOMINANCE HIERARCHIES - 6 points maximum
  DEFINITION:
     members of a group ranked according to status or relative superiority 
     status must be sought on own 
     status may be changed in course of time
     behavior suggests size & strength (i.e. large/small, old/young, male/female) 
                                             (max 4)
  
   ROLE:
     reduces aggression, established order & stability 
     influences resources among popultion (food, water, etc.)
     first choice of mating 
     subordinate remains to obtain food, avoid predators, chance to mate                                                     (max 4)
  EXAMPLE:  (1 point)
  COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR - 6 points maximum
  DEFINITION:
    series of programmed displays & movements 
     may be visual   w/elaboration (1)
     may be auditory      w/elaboration (1)
     may be olfactory    w/elaboration (1)                  (max 3)
                            
  ROLE:
     advertize sexually receptive individuals
     inhibit aggression of prospective mate 
     bring both mating partners to reproductive readiness simultaneously
     ritualistic behavior
     maintain distinct species                         (max 5)
  EXAMPLE: (1 point)
  BONUS: mention of survival of fittest (selective advantage) (1 point)